HW Interview
Free study plan

A 2-week hardware interview study plan

Ten study days of three questions each, two review days and a mock. About 45–60 minutes a day. Pick the track that matches the job.

Tracks: General board · Power · SI & high-speed · Embedded & wearables · Senior system

How to use each question: read it, set a 5-minute timer, say your answer out loud and sketch it — then check. Free answers are online; the rest are in the book (page shown), with extra notes online.

General board track

Week 1

Day 1
  • AN-01 The three op-amp rules ● — free answer online
  • AN-15 Frequency response of L, C and LC tanks ● — book p. 62 · notes
  • AN-13 Series RLC driven by a current ramp ● — book p. 58 · notes
Day 2
  • AN-02 Inverting gain of −10, non-ideal ● — free answer online
  • AN-03 Inverting vs non-inverting ● — book p. 38 · notes
  • AN-14 Thevenin and a black box ●● — book p. 60 · notes
Day 3
  • PC-01 Choosing a capacitor type ● — book p. 12 · notes
  • PC-02 MLCC field failure at cold ●● — book p. 14 · notes
  • PC-03 Ferrite bead selection ●● — book p. 16 · notes
Day 4
  • PC-05 Schottky reverse recovery ● — book p. 20 · notes
  • PC-06 Zener in a divider ● — book p. 22 · notes
  • PC-07 MOSFET loss trade-off ●● — book p. 24 · notes
Day 5
  • DC-01 Square wave into RC filters ● — book p. 68 · notes
  • DC-02 Anti-aliasing filter ●● — book p. 70 · notes
  • DC-07 Thermal and Johnson noise in numbers ● — book p. 80 · notes
Day 6

Review: redo the three questions you found hardest — out loud, no notes, then check.

Day 7

Rest. If you want one thing: read one free full answer you have not seen yet.

Week 2

Day 8
  • AN-09 Op-amp driving an ADC oscillates ●● — book p. 50 · notes
  • AN-10 Op-amp noise sources ● — book p. 52 · notes
  • AN-08 Photodiode TIA with a 10 MΩ feedback resistor ●● — book p. 48 · notes
Day 9
  • PCB-03 Analog/digital partitioning ●● — free answer online
  • PCB-04 Top-layer vs inner-layer routing ● — book p. 252 · notes
  • PCB-01 Stack-up for a mixed-signal board ●●● — free answer online
Day 10
  • EMC-01 Multiple grounds, star ground, isolation ●● — book p. 228 · notes
  • EMC-07 Loop area and radiated emission ●● — book p. 240 · notes
  • EMC-04 Shielding a cable against E and H fields ●● — book p. 234 · notes
Day 11
  • MD-01 How a scope probe works ● — book p. 264 · notes
  • MD-02 Measuring supply ripple and noise ●● — book p. 266 · notes
  • MD-06 Bringing up a new board ●● — book p. 274 · notes
Day 12
  • MD-04 Bench debug: a silent buzzer oscillator ●● — book p. 270 · notes
  • PCB-07 Designing for yield ●● — book p. 258 · notes
  • AN-11 NTC front end for a battery pack ●●● — book p. 54 · notes
Day 13

Mock: ask a friend to pick four questions from your list at random — 10 minutes each, whiteboard or paper.

Day 14

Write your six stories (a hard bug, a disagreement, a failure, leading without authority, a schedule crunch, mentoring) — situation, action, impact, learning.

Back to tracks ↑

Power track

Week 1

Day 1
  • PW-01 How a buck converter works ● — free answer online
  • PW-02 Synchronous vs non-synchronous ● — book p. 86 · notes
  • PW-06 Switching frequency trade-offs ● — book p. 94 · notes
Day 2
  • PW-03 CCM vs DCM ●● — book p. 88 · notes
  • PW-04 Choosing the inductor ●● — free answer online
  • PC-08 Inductor soft vs hard saturation ●● — book p. 26 · notes
Day 3
  • PW-05 Choosing a buck regulator IC ●● — book p. 92 · notes
  • PW-07 LDO vs switcher ● — book p. 96 · notes
  • PC-07 MOSFET loss trade-off ●● — book p. 24 · notes
Day 4
  • PW-09 Which loop radiates — buck or boost ●● — book p. 100 · notes
  • PW-18 Snubber on the switch node ●● — book p. 118 · notes
  • PC-01 Choosing a capacitor type ● — book p. 12 · notes
Day 5
Day 6

Review: redo the three questions you found hardest — out loud, no notes, then check.

Day 7

Rest. If you want one thing: read one free full answer you have not seen yet.

Week 2

Day 8
  • PW-10 Feed-forward capacitor ●● — book p. 102 · notes
  • PW-11 Measuring phase margin ●● — book p. 104 · notes
  • PW-12 Type III compensation and the RHP zero ●●● — book p. 106 · notes
Day 9
  • PW-08 Battery-powered power tree ●● — book p. 98 · notes
  • PW-16 Power sequencing ●● — book p. 114 · notes
  • PW-20 eFuse vs PTC fuse; inrush ●● — book p. 122 · notes
Day 10
  • PI-04 Automotive-grade robustness ●● — book p. 132 · notes
  • PI-05 Inrush when hot-plugging ●● — book p. 134 · notes
  • PW-19 Back-EMF and regenerative energy ●● — book p. 120 · notes
Day 11
  • PW-14 Bicycle headlight LED driver ●● — book p. 110 · notes
  • PW-15 −30 V from +5 V ●● — book p. 112 · notes
  • MD-02 Measuring supply ripple and noise ●● — book p. 266 · notes
Day 12
  • PW-13 Software-set bias from −2.5 V to +2.5 V ●●● — book p. 108 · notes
  • PW-17 48 V power tree for AI servers ●●● — book p. 116 · notes
  • AN-01 The three op-amp rules ● — free answer online
Day 13

Mock: ask a friend to pick four questions from your list at random — 10 minutes each, whiteboard or paper.

Day 14

Write your six stories (a hard bug, a disagreement, a failure, leading without authority, a schedule crunch, mentoring) — situation, action, impact, learning.

Back to tracks ↑

SI & high-speed track

Week 1

Day 1
  • SI-01 When is a trace a transmission line? ● — free answer online
  • SI-02 Reflections and the reflection coefficient ● — free answer online
  • SI-03 Overdriven vs underdriven lines ●● — book p. 142 · notes
Day 2
  • SI-04 Termination choices ●● — book p. 144 · notes
  • SI-05 Microstrip vs stripline ● — book p. 146 · notes
  • SI-06 Changing layers with a controlled-impedance line ●● — book p. 148 · notes
Day 3
  • SI-07 Crossing a plane split ●● — book p. 150 · notes
  • SI-08 Crosstalk: NEXT vs FEXT ●● — book p. 152 · notes
  • SI-16 Length matching ●● — book p. 168 · notes
Day 4
  • SI-09 Loss above 1 GHz ●● — book p. 154 · notes
  • SI-10 Via stubs and back-drilling ●● — book p. 156 · notes
  • SI-11 Differential impedance, odd and even mode ●● — book p. 158 · notes
Day 5
  • HS-01 Why 8b/10b? ● — book p. 172 · notes
  • HS-02 Embedded clock vs parallel bus ● — book p. 174 · notes
  • HS-13 Serial CDR ●● — book p. 196 · notes
Day 6

Review: redo the three questions you found hardest — out loud, no notes, then check.

Day 7

Rest. If you want one thing: read one free full answer you have not seen yet.

Week 2

Day 8
  • HS-03 USB 2.0 vs USB 3.x physical layer ●● — book p. 176 · notes
  • HS-04 PCIe essentials ●● — book p. 178 · notes
  • HS-06 Equalization: CTLE, FFE, DFE ●● — book p. 182 · notes
Day 9
  • HS-05 PCIe 6 and PAM4 ●●● — book p. 180 · notes
  • SI-12 Glass-weave effect ●●● — book p. 160 · notes
  • SI-13 Jitter taxonomy ●● — book p. 162 · notes
Day 10
  • SI-14 Eye diagrams ●● — book p. 164 · notes
  • SI-15 TDR ●● — book p. 166 · notes
  • HS-10 10 Gb/s channel design ●● — book p. 190 · notes
Day 11
  • HS-07 MIPI D-PHY vs C-PHY ●● — book p. 184 · notes
  • HS-08 DisplayPort / eDP basics ●● — book p. 186 · notes
  • HS-09 SPMI vs I²C ●● — book p. 188 · notes
Day 12
  • HS-11 LPDDR vs DDR; length matching without an app note ●● — book p. 192 · notes
  • HS-12 Multi-gigabit video through a moving joint ●●● — book p. 194 · notes
  • HS-14 AI accelerator interconnects ●●● — book p. 198 · notes
Day 13

Mock: ask a friend to pick four questions from your list at random — 10 minutes each, whiteboard or paper.

Day 14

Write your six stories (a hard bug, a disagreement, a failure, leading without authority, a schedule crunch, mentoring) — situation, action, impact, learning.

Back to tracks ↑

Embedded & wearables track

Week 1

Day 1
Day 2
  • EM-03 Drive a solenoid valve from a GPIO ● — book p. 206 · notes
  • EM-08 Direction from a rotary knob ●● — book p. 216 · notes
  • EM-07 MCU peripherals ● — book p. 214 · notes
Day 3
  • EM-04 Power-on to main(): what takes time? ●● — book p. 208 · notes
  • EM-05 Reset pin design ●● — book p. 210 · notes
  • EM-06 Metastability ●● — book p. 212 · notes
Day 4
Day 5
  • DC-02 Anti-aliasing filter ●● — book p. 70 · notes
  • DC-04 ADC design considerations ●● — book p. 74 · notes
  • DC-05 Inconsistent readings from a sensor array ●●● — book p. 76 · notes
Day 6

Review: redo the three questions you found hardest — out loud, no notes, then check.

Day 7

Rest. If you want one thing: read one free full answer you have not seen yet.

Week 2

Day 8
  • PW-07 LDO vs switcher ● — book p. 96 · notes
  • PW-08 Battery-powered power tree ●● — book p. 98 · notes
  • PW-16 Power sequencing ●● — book p. 114 · notes
Day 9
  • EMC-02 ESD near an enclosure opening ●● — book p. 230 · notes
  • EMC-03 ESD on USB 3 vs USB 2 ●● — book p. 232 · notes
  • PI-02 Ground bounce ● — free answer online
Day 10
  • EM-10 Processor or FPGA selection ●●● — book p. 220 · notes
  • EM-11 DSP basics: FFT, FIR, IIR ●● — book p. 222 · notes
  • HS-09 SPMI vs I²C ●● — book p. 188 · notes
Day 11
  • MD-01 How a scope probe works ● — book p. 264 · notes
  • MD-06 Bringing up a new board ●● — book p. 274 · notes
  • MD-04 Bench debug: a silent buzzer oscillator ●● — book p. 270 · notes
Day 12
  • EM-09 Elevator-door state machine ●● — book p. 218 · notes
  • SD-04 Smart pet-collar tag ●●● — book p. 290 · notes
  • SD-01 Wireless game controller ●● — book p. 284 · notes
Day 13

Mock: ask a friend to pick four questions from your list at random — 10 minutes each, whiteboard or paper.

Day 14

Write your six stories (a hard bug, a disagreement, a failure, leading without authority, a schedule crunch, mentoring) — situation, action, impact, learning.

Back to tracks ↑

Senior system track

Week 1

Day 1
  • SD-01 Wireless game controller ●● — book p. 284 · notes
  • SD-08 Reviewing someone's schematic ●●● — book p. 298 · notes
  • SD-10 Choosing parts for a product that ships for years ●● — book p. 302 · notes
Day 2
  • SD-02 Multirail power telemetry ●●● — book p. 286 · notes
  • SD-03 Powering a remote FPGA card over a harness ●●● — book p. 288 · notes
  • PW-08 Battery-powered power tree ●● — book p. 98 · notes
Day 3
  • SD-04 Smart pet-collar tag ●●● — book p. 290 · notes
  • SD-06 Sizing a mixed sensor hub ●● — book p. 294 · notes
  • EM-10 Processor or FPGA selection ●●● — book p. 220 · notes
Day 4
  • SD-05 Matching microphones at volume ●●● — book p. 292 · notes
  • SD-07 Adding a radio to a full product ●●● — book p. 296 · notes
  • MD-07 Rare port failure at end-of-line test ●●● — book p. 276 · notes
Day 5
  • SD-09 Debugging a noisy, misbehaving system ●●● — book p. 300 · notes
  • MD-08 Failure-analysis toolchain ●● — book p. 278 · notes
  • PCB-07 Designing for yield ●● — book p. 258 · notes
Day 6

Review: redo the three questions you found hardest — out loud, no notes, then check.

Day 7

Rest. If you want one thing: read one free full answer you have not seen yet.

Week 2

Day 8
  • PW-16 Power sequencing ●● — book p. 114 · notes
  • PW-17 48 V power tree for AI servers ●●● — book p. 116 · notes
  • PI-04 Automotive-grade robustness ●● — book p. 132 · notes
Day 9
  • PCB-01 Stack-up for a mixed-signal board ●●● — free answer online
  • PCB-02 4 layers with no solid ground ●●● — book p. 248 · notes
  • SI-09 Loss above 1 GHz ●● — book p. 154 · notes
Day 10
  • HS-14 AI accelerator interconnects ●●● — book p. 198 · notes
  • EMC-08 Laser eye safety ●●● — book p. 242 · notes
  • DC-06 Low-power biopotential front end ●●● — book p. 78 · notes
Day 11
  • BH-01 Tell me about a project ● — book p. 306 · notes
  • BH-02 A failure ●● — book p. 308 · notes
  • BH-03 Disagreement ●● — book p. 310 · notes
Day 12
  • BH-04 Working with other functions ●● — book p. 312 · notes
  • BH-05 Staying current ● — book p. 314 · notes
  • BH-06 Why this company? ● — book p. 316 · notes
Day 13

Mock: ask a friend to pick four questions from your list at random — 10 minutes each, whiteboard or paper.

Day 14

Write your six stories (a hard bug, a disagreement, a failure, leading without authority, a schedule crunch, mentoring) — situation, action, impact, learning.

Back to tracks ↑